One of the earliest mentionings of Pakistan’s coastline, is speculated to be in the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, a piece of Latin, composed by an anonymous Egyptian sailor who ventured eastwards from the Red Sea to discover the unknown around the 1st century. Written in a matter-of-fact style, the sailor comes across the meandering mouths of a marshy delta, fed by the River Sinthus (Indus) where a famous market-town named Barbaricum provided anchorage to the locals as well as mercantile mariners (Fagan; 2017). Barbaricum is postulated to be a predecessor of Karachi and fishers have thrived in the Indus Delta long before farmers and industrial activities harnessed sources of water and soil in the region. With ports such as Ibrahim Hyderi, Bin Qasim, Keamari and other commercial and naval anchorages, Karachi’s economy is irrevocably a result of its access to the sea.
Conversations about the environmental changes and climate emergencies are strangely nascent within Karachi’s ever expanding population—despite the city suffering from unsustainable coastal reclamation and every form of pollution for decades. In a jungle of glass towers and dwindling open spaces, young artists question, where can our residents find nature and how do they experience the inherent resources of Karachi? Tarmac, concrete, plastic have replaced green belts while, parks, recreational and amenity plots are taken over by development projects erasing the city of green absorbers. Being part of the delta, Karachi is fortunate to receive circulation of breeze however this particular coastal ecology can only support particular halophytes and vegetation and the need to implant palm trees and other foreign species into the city is a rejection of the indigenous terrain.There has been a rather late recognition of what the Arabian Sea has brought to Karachi, especially within the artist community. This metropolis was once a small fishing village, plotted under names such as ‘Kurrachee’ or ‘Crotchey Bay’ in the historical Survey of India maps conducted in the 1800s by British authorities. However, long before the onslaught of colonisation and regional princely rule of the Subcontinent, the coast of Sindh shared deep bilateral connections with the wider Indian Ocean through its ancient mahigeer (fisherfolk) inhabitants exchanging goods and technology through maritime trade.
However, this thriving economy has pushed our city into an abyss of towering residencies and office complexes. To accommodate the lure of elite settlements, excessive land reclamation has created a catastrophic effect on our mangroves, regional water distributaries and migratory birds. Young artists recognise these problems in urbanism and changing environments including the erasure of indigenous plants, the increase of motor-run boats in the Arabian Sea and the depletion of natural resources. These concerns are commented upon in their individual research projects, unpacking how empathy, care and recognition for all things non-human in Karachi can be communicated through art.